Base is crushed concrete and asphalt. It is crushed to less than 1 inch and includes pieces sized from dust up to 1 inch.
It's typically used under roadways, driveways and foundations to add stability to soil. It comes in different ratings or classifications for guaranteed densities when compacted properly.
It can also be used as a cheap alternative to gravel to cover dirt roads and parking lots to stabilize soil for wet weather driving.